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Cover-up mark which reads "Bavaria", without any additions.
(Picture: Anita Couwenbergh)
Mrs. Leni Parbus started decorating porcelain as an hobby, opening her own decoration studio in the small town of Oberkotzau in 1904; she did not mark her products at all during the first years. There is not much known about her work and life but she had at least two customers outside Germany which received their pieces with a slightly modified mark.
Even if the studio seemed to have closed shortly after 1955, her son Erich Parbus (born 1939) continued business, often using the old name or including "L. Parbus" in his marks. His small decoration studio was last mentioned active in September 2005 but closed end of the year.
Most marks applied by the Parbus studio were so-called cover-up marks. Please view the corresponding vocabulary entry by simply clicking on the highlighted term here if you need an explanation.
Image 010229-01-01
Cover-up mark which reads "Bavaria", without any additions.
(Picture: Anita Couwenbergh)
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Cover-up mark which reads "Bavaria", "hand painted" addition.
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Used 1946 to 1949: cover-up mark which reads "Bavaria", "Made in Germany" and "US Zone" additions.
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Used after the war for export to countries which had blacklisted "Germany"-market products.
(Picture: Brian Warshaw)
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Used between 1949 and 1955.
(Picture: Meri Thomas)
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Used after 1955, note the additional "Imperial" placed above the cover-up.
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Used after 1960, note that "Imperial" was included in the transfer.
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Used after 1960, included "Imperial" plus "hand decorated" addition.
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"Imperial" replaced by "Bavaria", here a version with "Germany" addition.
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Another version with "Germany" but also an "Echt Gold 22 Krt." addition.
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An open version used when no manufacturer mark was to be covered. Standard version with "Bavaria".
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An open post-WW2 "Foreign" version, used for export to countries which had blacklisted "Germany"-market products.
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An open version used later on, with "Made in Germany" addition.
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A mark used by her son: cover-up version with "L. Parbus" on top, "Oberkotzau" underneath.
(Picture: Vicki Christian)
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A mark used by her son: open "L. Parbus" and "Oberkotzau / W.-Germany".
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A mark used by her son: "Porzellan Manufaktur Parbus", "Oberkotzau Bavaria" and "handgemalt".
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